Bank Analysis School eBook
APPENDIX A - DEFINITION AND TYPES OF INTEREST RATE RISK A PENDIX C: Asset Sensitive vs. Liability Sensitive
Liability Sensitive Assets longer‐term than liabilities
Asset Sensitive Assets shorter‐term than liabilities
Rates
Rates
Rates
Rates
NIM improves Asset yields increase more than funding costs
NIM declines Asset yields decrease more than funding costs
NIM declines Funding costs rise more than asset yields
NIM improves Funding costs fall more than asset yields
Evaluating the term structure of the balance sheet: Federal Funds sold are immediately re‐priceable, and interest‐bearing bank balances are typically short‐term. The loan portfolio typically has a shorter duration than the investment portfolio. Therefore, banks with large bond portfolios tend to have a longer‐term asset structure.
Consider the impact of optionality (e.g. mortgage loan prepayments and callable bonds). A large and stable core deposit base allows for greater pricing flexibility and mitigates risk.
While banks have less control over the cost of wholesale funding (e.g. brokered and listing service deposits, borrowings), these can help offset risk exposure due to the ability to select specific desired maturities (e.g. obtain long‐term borrowings to match long‐term assets).
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